Figure 3.. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation analysis of the frequency (?f, black line) and dissipation (?D, red line) (×10-6) shifts of VACV on gold (A), SiO2 (B), glass (C), and stainless-steel (D). Black arrow: VACV injection; blue arrow: rinsing with MilliQ. (E) Mass of adhered and remained virus layer on the sensor surfaces calculated by Sauerbrey relation. SS: stainless-steel; VACV: vaccinia virus. This is representative of an experiment started at 2.00 × 105 plaque-forming unit/mL.
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