Endogenous repair theory enriches construction strategies for orthopaedic biomaterials: a narrative review

Yizhong Peng, Jinye Li, Hui Lin, Shuo Tian, Sheng Liu, Feifei Pu, Lei Zhao, Kaige Ma, Xiangcheng Qing, Zengwu Shao

Table 1 Challenges in endogenous repair.

How to maintain the viability and multi-lineage differentiation potential of endogenous stem cells in an injured tissue? How to mobilise the endogenous stem cells to sufficiently proliferate and restore the decreased cell number? How to enable the targeted migration of endogenous stem cells to damaged areas? How to induce the targeted differentiation of endogenous stem cells into progenitors capable of regenerating desired cell types in vivo? How to ensure that newly-generated cells integrate into the surrounding tissues and establish functional connectivity?