Experimental and computational models for tissue-engineered heart valves: a narrative review

Ge Yan, Yuqi Liu, Minghui Xie, Jiawei Shi, Weihua Qiao, Nianguo Dong

Table 3 Advantages and disadvantages of animal models and bioreactors used in tissue-engineered heart valve studies.

Model Application Objective Year Reference Computational modelling Tissue-engineered heart valve Guiding tissue-engineered heart valve design for long-term in vivo performance in a translational sheep model 2018 22 Tissue-engineered vascular graft Identifying optimal design parameters to save development time and costs while improving clinical outcomes 2019 103 Bioprosthetic heart valve Investigating the impacts of bovine and porcine pericardium tissues with different thicknesses and tissue mechanical properties in bioprosthetic heart valve applications 2019 2017 2016 104–106 Tissue-engineered heart valve Integrating computational simulation into tissue-engineering approaches can lead to more successful and predictable clinical outcomes 2018 107–109 Biomechanical model Aortic stenosis Providing the results of the numerical simulation of the valve function 2020 110 Finite element models Congenital bicuspid aortic valve Quantifying aortic valve and root biomechanical alterations associated with bicuspid geometry 2010 111 Calcific aortic valve disease Studying the calcification progression in aortic valves 2017 112 Bioprosthetic heart valve Comparing tensile properties of xenopericardium to choose tissue more appropriate for bioprosthetic heart valve tissue 2020 113 Three-dimensional bioprinting Heart valve Using computational fluid dynamics, digital image processing, artificial intelligence, and continuum mechanics during their optimisation and implementation to mimic the original and understand valvular problems 2019 2018 114, 115 Geometric model Functional tri-leaflet aortic valves Establishing a list of geometric guidelines to ensure safe operation of the valve during the cardiac cycle 2006 116 Numeric model Aortic root Studying the correlation between intraoperative effective height and diastolic coaptation 2013 117 Neural network material model Simulation of the aortic heart valve Providing an efficient computational analysis framework with increased physical and functional realism for the simulation of native and replacement tri-leaflet heart valves 2021 2020 118, 119