Three-dimensional bio-printing of decellularized extracellular matrix-based bio-inks for cartilage regeneration: a systematic review

Melika Sahranavard, Soulmaz Sarkari, SeyedehMina Safavi, Farnaz Ghorbani

Figure 2. (A) The histological staining for type I and II collagens and sGAGs of cECM-MA bio-inks contained/free BM-MSCs. Cell contained bio-inks as expected showed higher type I and II collagens and sGAGs. Reprinted from Behan et al.82 (B, C) The cell viability of cis-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride-modified PVA samples (B) and cis-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride-modified PVA contained solubilized dECM (C) after 1 and 7 days. Reprinted from Setayeshmehr et al.85 Scale bars: 100 µm. BM-MSCs: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; cECM-MA: methacrylated cartilage ECM-based hydrogel/bio-ink; dECM: decellularized extracellular matrix; PVA: poly (vinyl alcohol); sGAGs: sulphated glycosaminoglycans.