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REVIEW
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Therapeutic potential of oncolytic viruses in the era of precision oncology

Monchupa Kingsak1 Thongpon Meethong1 Jinnawat Jongkhumkrong1 Li Cai2 Qian Wang1*
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1 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
2 Department of Chemistry, University of South Carolina Lancaster, Lancaster, SC, USA
Submitted: 25 April 2023 | Revised: 26 May 2023 | Accepted: 13 June 2023 | Published: 28 June 2023
Copyright © 2023 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial–ShareAlike 4.0 License.
Abstract

Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy has been shown to be an effective targeted cancer therapy treatment in recent years, providing an avenue of treatment that poses no damage to surrounding healthy tissues. Not only do OVs cause direct oncolysis, but they also amplify both innate and adaptive immune responses generating long-term anti-tumour immunity. Genetically engineered OVs have become the common promising strategy to enhance anti-tumour immunity, safety, and efficacy as well as targeted delivery. The studies of various OVs have been accomplished through phase I-III clinical trial studies. In addition, the uses of carrier platforms of organic materials such as polymer chains, liposomes, hydrogels, and cell carriers have played a vital role in the potentially targeted delivery of OVs. The mechanism, rational design, recent clinical trials, applications, and the development of targeted delivery platforms of OVs will be discussed in this review.

Keywords
anti-cancer ; applications ; delivery platform ; genetic modification ; mechanism ; oncolytic virus
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Conflict of interest
The authors declare they have no competing interests.
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